A Grammar for New Testament Greek

Lesson XII




p.77 MC suggests "to form compound consonants, as in the first aorist" - i.e., add the word "first." On the next line is an unnecessary comma after diw&kw. A parenthetical reference somewhere in this paragraph to p. 23, where you show the groups of consonants interacting with sigma, would be helpful.

p.78 MC suggests a note that the aorist passive principal part is the 6th. He also thinks an example of how the augment disappears for the future passive would be helpful; his favorite is h!xqhn to a)xqh&somai (aor pass to fut pass of a!gw).

p.78 re deponents: MC would suggest adding that any present deponent will have an imperfect deponent, as that tense is built off the 1st principal part. This is especially helpful for e!rxomai - h)rxo&mhn (impf of e!rxomai) and also for gi/nomai / e)gino&mhn (especially to help distinguish from the 2nd aorist e)geno&mhn). (AKMA) This is good; I knew I didn't want to include imperfect forms in the principal parts, to avoid confusing the lists, but it would indeed be helpful to direct attention to these common forms.

p. 80 - Regarding #3, MC observes, "I don't recall a discussion of the 'historical present' which may cause students grief when seeing le&gei (present) with the aorist a)pekri/qh. Would it be helpful either to alter le&gei to ei]pen, or go back to pp.8-9 to talk about the historical present?" (AKMA) In this case, I deliberately opted to soft-pedal "the historical present," since the term frequently cues descriptions of this usage as "bad grammar" (a description from which I dissent). I do mention on p. 7 that the present tense works for past time, and in class I always hammer away at the "aspect, not time" premise. In the second edition, though, it's probably worth mentioning this specifically.

The first person plural, Future Middle Indicative form of luso/meqa should have its accent on the omicron, not the upsilon.

The textbook ought to describe the way that liquid stem verbs (verbs whose stem ends with l, m, n, or r--the liquid consonants) form their future principal parts.

Liquid stem verbs typically form the future principal in a somewhat complicated way. First, the liquid consonant eclipses the characteristic -s- consonant of the future. Verbs that end in a double lambda shift to a single lambda (compare this to the aorist stem of these verbs). Then liquid-stem verbs customarily take their accent on a lengthened connecting vowel (or the final vowel of the form), because an invisible short e is being contracted--"mooshed"--into the connecting vowel, lengthening that vowel.

Some verbs have both a deponent aorist form (in which the middle displaces the active form) and an aorist passive form that is used with active force. 'Apokri/nomai is a good example of this; a0pekrina&mhn and a0pekri/qhn both can be used to for "I answered."

Kata&, when used with the accusative, sometimes stretches what colloquial English associates with "according to." Sometimes it is used in a local sense, meaning something like "throughout" (for a general location) or "at" (for a specific location). Other times it has the sense of "by" as English uses it in "two by two" or "day by day" (the "distributive" sense of kata&). Kata& appears in the common idiomatic phrase, kat' i)di&an, "by himself."

Errata

The first person plural, Future Middle Indicative form of luso/meqa should have its accent on the omicron, not the upsilon.

The third principal part of a0pokri/nomai has an extra accent on the augmented syllable; the proper accentuation should be a0pekrina&mhn.

The sixth principal part of de&xomai is missing a x; it should be e0de&xqhn.

In the nineteenth exercise, the verbs e0kbalou~sin and a)polu&sei lack their requisite smooth breathing marks.

 

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Greek-to-English Exercises

1 A sign will not be given to you but you will only receive the word of Jonah the prophet.
2 The crowds of the earth were present and the people were gathered together against the lord and against his anointed one.
3 And she answered and said to him, "Lord, even we little ones under the table are eating from your bread."
4 Jesus answered them, "Did I not choose you twelve? And among you is a devil."
5 The congregations of Asia greet you. They greet you in the Lord along with the congregation at their house.
6 And he received it [a child] into his house and he said, "Now you are releasing your slave in peace, according to your word; because I saw your salvation."
7 He will come and destroy those farmers and will give the vineyard to others.
8 For John came to you in the way of the righteous one, and you did not believe him, but the toll collectors and the prostitutes believed him.
9 Mary in those days went into the last village and came into the house of Zechariah and she greeted Elizabeth. And it happened that the child heard the greeting of Mary.
10 Then when he came out, Jesus said, "Now the son of humanity is glorified, and God is glorified in him; if God was glorified in him, also God will glorify him in him, and he will glorify him immediately."
11 After the tribulation of those days the sun will be destroyed, and the moon will not give its shine.
12 In that hour Jesus went to the people on account of the evil crowds.
13 For if your treasure is under the heavens, there your heart will be also.
14 And they went, each into his house, but Jesus went into the congregation. And when again he appeared in the temple, the people was coming to him.
15 The Lord God will give him the throne of David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob for aeons, and there will be no end of his kingdom.
16 And in those days people will seek death and they will not find it.
17 I received the evil words of the messenger because God established his authority against him.
18 That one will glorify me, because he will take from mine [from the thing of me] the peace of life for you.
19 The son of humanity will send his messengers, and he will release from his kingdom the stumbling-stones, and they will cast them out.
20 And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in the whole world for testimony.

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